There are four main components in human intelligence: verbal intelligence, numerical
intelligence, logical intelligence, and spatial intelligence. Each of them represents a
separate cognitive domain of intelligence, but with a single underlying factor that
governs all of them: g factor (or general intelligence factor) of psychometrics.
Verbal-linguistic intelligence is the ability to analyze information, solve problems using
language-based reasoning, use words and combinations effectively in communication,
think in words, and use language to express and manipulate complex meanings. It is
an individual’s ability to use written and verbal language to achieve their goals.
Numerical-mathematical intelligence is the ability to calculate, quantify, manipulate
numerical symbols, and carry out numerical and mathematical operations. It is an
individual’s ability to solve numerical/mathematical problems regularly and make
decisions based on numerical information.
Logical-abstract intelligence is the ability to consider propositions, use abstract and
symbolic thought, sequential reasoning, inductive and deductive thinking patterns,
and critical thinking. It is an individual’s ability to think logically, reason, analyze
problems, identify solutions, use abstractions, recognize patterns, detect connections,
and conduct scientific research.
Spatial-visual intelligence is the ability to think in three dimensions, solve spatial
navigation problems, visualize objects from different angles and space, recognize
faces or scenes, notice fine details, manipulate mental images, and do graphic and
artistic work. It is an individual’s ability to recognize and manipulate visual and spatial
patterns and orient their environment.
